TY - JOUR AU - Śmigielski, K. B. AU - Majewska, M. AU - Kunicka-Styczyńska, A. AU - Gruska, R. AU - Stańczyk, Ł. PY - 2014/12/30 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - The effect of commercial enzyme preparation-assisted maceration on the yield, quality, and bioactivity of essential oil from waste carrot seeds (Daucus carota L.) JF - Grasas y Aceites JA - Grasas aceites VL - 65 IS - 4 SE - Research DO - 10.3989/gya.0467141 UR - https://grasasyaceites.revistas.csic.es/index.php/grasasyaceites/article/view/1512 SP - e047 AB - Eight enzyme preparations were screened with a view to maximizing the yield of carrot seed essential oil. Three of the eight enzyme preparations investigated, lipase from <em>Mucor circinelloides</em>, XPect® pectinase, and Esperase® protease, significantly influenced the amount of essential oil obtained, with Esperase® being the most effective. The Taguchi method was applied to optimize the processing conditions for the Esperase® protease. Under the optimum conditions, the essential oil yield increased by approximately 48%. The main constituent compounds in the oil are: carotol (OeA: 40.80%–OeB: 46.17%), daucol (OeA: 7.35%–OeB: 6.22%), sabinene (OeA: 5.12%–OeB: 6.13%), alpha-pinene (OeA: 4.24%–OeB: 5.11%) and geranyl acetate (OeA: 4.50%–OeB: 3.68%). As compared to the control sample, the essential oil obtained from enzyme-pretreated carrot seeds has the same biological activity against <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> and <em>Candida</em> sp., lower activity against <em>Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli</em>, and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>, and higher activity against <em>Aspergillus niger</em> and <em>Penicillium expansum</em>. ER -