Valorization of a high-acidity residual oil generated in the waste cooking oils recycling industries

P. Álvarez-Mateos; J. F. García-Martín; F. J. Guerrero-Vacas; C. Naranjo-Calderón; C. C. Barrios-Sánchez; M. C. Pérez-Camino

doi:10.3989/gya.1179182

Authors

P. Álvarez-Mateos Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9225-219X
J. F. García-Martín Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-560X
F. J. Guerrero-Vacas Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9741-0775
C. Naranjo-Calderón Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9671-802X
C. C. Barrios-Sánchez Environmental Department, Research Centre for Energy, Environment and Technology (CIEMAT) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-6219
M. C. Pérez-Camino Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7652-9582

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.1179182

Keywords:

Acidity, Biodiesel, Esterification, Methyl esters, Waste-cooking oil

Abstract

A sludge fraction is obtained from the industries which recycle cooking oil and this sludge contains a large amount of oil with an extremely high acidity ( > 60%). In this work, we propose a scheme for methyl ester production from this residual oil consisting of the esterification of the free fatty acids followed by the transesterification of the remaining triglycerides. Esterifications were carried out with different methanol:oil molar ratios, and various catalysts in different weight ratios. The results revealed that homogeneous catalysts produced higher yields than heterogeneous ones in the esterification reaction. With the aim of improving the process, a previous triglyceride hydrolysis was assayed using lipases from Candida rugosa. Finally, the 3-stage process was performed under the most favorable conditions for each stage obtaining 84% wt. fatty acid methyl esters, which shows the potential of this residual oil as a source of biodiesel.

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