Variation in seed morphology and selected oil parameters of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) from different agroclimatic zones in Tamil Nadu, India

A.  Mayavel; S. Krishnan; R. Abinaya; S. Esakkiammal; R.R.  Warrier

doi:10.3989/gya.0221221

Autores/as

A. Mayavel Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1247-2390
S. Krishnan Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8540-7691
R. Abinaya Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0261-2038
S. Esakkiammal Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-3155
R.R. Warrier Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7149-2925

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0221221

Palabras clave:

Calidad del aceite, Propiedades fisicoquímicas, Rasgos físicos, Variabilidad

Resumen

Tamil Nadu, en el sur de la India, tiene el segundo mayor número de árboles de lilas india del país. El aceite de las semillas tiene una gran importancia económica para las industrias artesanales de la región. En este trabajo se examinan 28 árboles Candidate Plus (CPT) seleccionados de seis zonas agroclimáticas en Tamil Nadu, que exhiben rasgos excepcionales como un crecimiento superior y otras características deseables. Nuestro objetivo era comprender las variaciones de la morfología de las semillas y las propiedades fisicoquímicas del aceite en diferentes regiones. Se observaron diferencias significativas para los rasgos morfométricos. La producción de frutos se correlacionó negativamente con las precipitaciones. El peso de 100 semillas y granos y la longitud de la semilla se correlacionaron con el porcentaje de aceite. Las lluvias influyeron en el ancho de la semilla y el peso del pericarpio. El agrupamiento utilizando caracteres morfológicos no agrupó genotipos de una misma región, mientras que el tipo de suelo pudo distinguirlos. La correlación nos ayudó a diseccionar las características prominentes que influyen en las características de interés, que pueden informar los programas de reproducción, las prácticas de cultivo y el desarrollo de productos a base de neem en Tamil Nadu y más allá.

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