Cambios de compuestos volátiles extraídos por SPME en jamones Ibéricos durante la curación.

Autores/as

  • Ángela Jurado Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura
  • Ana I. Carrapiso Escuela de Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Extremadura
  • Jesús Ventanasa Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura
  • Carmen García Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.131008

Palabras clave:

Compuestos volátiles, Jamón Ibérico, Microextracción en fase sólida, Sistema de alimentación, SPME, Tiempo de curación

Resumen


Un procedimiento de microextración en fase sólida (SPME) en espacio de cabeza fue ensayado para estudiar la evolución de los compuestos volátiles durante la curación de Jamones Ibéricos de cerdos criados en régimen de montanera (en libertad, con bellotas y pasto disponible) y un sistema OH-Pienso (estabulados, con un pienso alto en ácido oléico). El efecto del tiempo de curación en los compuestos volátiles fue más marcado que el efecto de la alimentación. La mayoría de los compuestos volátiles afectados por el tiempo de curación fueron compuestos que proceden de la reacción de Strecker y Maillard, que se incrementaron significativamente (p < 0.05) durante el tiempo de curación. Esta tendencia fue clara para los compuestos volátiles: 2-metilpropanal, 2-metilbutanal, 2-metil-1-butanol, disulfuro de dimetilo, 2,6.dimetilpiracina + dihidro-2(3H)furanona y bencenometanol y, por tanto ellos podrían ser usados como indicadores del tiempo de maduración. Por el contrario, algunos compuestos derivados de la oxidación lipídica disminuyeron significativamente durante el procesado del jamón. El sistema de alimentación tuvo un ligero efecto en los compuestos volátiles, aunque fue significativo para algunos compuestos (p < 0.05). Algunos de ellos (ácido butanoico, 2,6- dimetilpiracina y 1-octen-3-ol) fueron más abundantes en jamones de Montanera que en jamones de Pienso. Estas pequeñas diferencias podrían ser importantes porque los compuestos involucrados han sido identificados como aromas del jamón Ibérico.

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Citas

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Publicado

2009-07-30

Cómo citar

1.
Jurado Ángela, Carrapiso AI, Ventanasa J, García C. Cambios de compuestos volátiles extraídos por SPME en jamones Ibéricos durante la curación. Grasas aceites [Internet]. 30 de julio de 2009 [citado 11 de mayo de 2024];60(3):262-70. Disponible en: https://grasasyaceites.revistas.csic.es/index.php/grasasyaceites/article/view/575

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Investigación