Evaluation of soxhlet extraction parameters for the recovery of improved bioactive compounds from Commiphora gileadensis bark

A.A.  Bin; A.H.  Nour; S.Q’ Aini Mahata; C.I.  Ukaegbu; A.A.M.  Elnour; A. AL-Farga

doi:10.3989/gya.1101242.2261

Authors

A.A. Bin Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology (FTKKP), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2235-3259
A.H. Nour Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology (FTKKP), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7269-3761
S.Q’ Aini Mahata Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology (FTKKP), Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8732-3619
C.I. Ukaegbu Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Bayelsa Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9292-5104
A.A.M. Elnour Center of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF), UMPSA https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1924-094X
A. AL-Farga University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biological science https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0233-5539

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.1101242.2261

Keywords:

GC-MS, C. gileadensis bark, FTIR, Phytochemical, Soxhlet extraction

Abstract

Medicinal plants, valued for their natural therapeutic properties and minimal side effects, have been used safely for centuries, as many synthesized drugs often pose serious side effects and long-term health risks, thereby highlighting the importance of plant-based alternatives in modern medicine. The extraction of phenolic phytoconstituents and recovery yields from Commiphora gileadensis bark (C. gileadensis) via Soxhlet extraction (SE) were investigated using One-Factor-At-a-Time (OFAT) to study the influence of the SE variables (solvent concentration, solid: solvent ratio, and process time) on the recovery of phenolic compounds. The findings showed that optimal yields were achieved at 60 % v/v solvent concentration, and a solid-to-solvent ratio of 1:35 g/mL within 90 min of the extraction process. The optimum recoveries were: TFC = 23.12±1.62 mg QE/g d.w; Y_Ex = 26.70±0.31% w/w, and TPC = 77.21 ±1.59 mg GAE/g d.w. In addition, 20 phenolics with good biological activities were identified in the extracts.

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