Evaluación de los parámetros de extracción en soxhlet para mejorar la recuperación de compuestos bioactivos de la corteza de Commiphora gileadensis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.1101242.2261Palabras clave:
Corteza de C. gileadensis, Extracción soxhlet, Fitoquímica FTIR, GC-MSResumen
Las plantas medicinales, valoradas por sus propiedades terapéuticas naturales y sus mínimos efectos secundarios, se han utilizado de forma segura durante siglos, ya que muchos fármacos sintetizados suelen presentar graves efectos secundarios y riesgos para la salud a largo plazo, lo que resalta la importancia de las alternativas vegetales en la medicina moderna. Se investigó la extracción de fitoconstituyentes fenólicos y los rendimientos de recuperación de la corteza de Commiphora gileadensis (C. gileadensis) mediante extracción soxhlet (SE) utilizando el método de un factor a la vez (OFAT) para estudiar la influencia de las variables SE (concentración de disolvente, relación sólido:disolvente y tiempo de proceso) en la recuperación de compuestos fenólicos. Los resultados mostraron que los rendimientos óptimos se alcanzaron con una concentración de disolvente del 60 % v/v y una relación sólido-disolvente de 1:35 g/mL en los 90 min posteriores al proceso de extracción. Las recuperaciones óptimas fueron: TFC = 23,12 ± 1,62 mg QE/g p.s., YEx = 26,70 ± 0,31 % p/p, y TPC = 77,21 ± 1,59 mg GAE/g p.s. Además, se identificaron 20 compuestos fenólicos con buena actividad biológica en los extractos.
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