Cardiovascular risk protection from the Mediterranean diet and olive oil. A transcriptomic update in humans

S. Carrión; L. Torres; O. Castañer

doi:10.3989/gya.0451161

Authors

S. Carrión Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM) - Universitat Pompeu Fabra
L. Torres Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM) - PhD Program in Food Sciences and Nutrition in Nutrition and Bromatology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona
O. Castañer Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM) - CIBER of the physiopathology of obesity and nutrition (CIBEROBN)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0451161

Keywords:

Cardiovascular, Mediterranean Diet, MUFA, Nutrigenomics, Olive oil, Polyphenols, Transcriptomics

Abstract

This review highlights the human studies that explore the benefits of the Mediterranean diet and olive oil, based on gene expression analysis. We summarized consistent human transcriptomic studies on cardiovascular risk, based on TMD and olive oil interventions, with real life doses and conditions. A literature review was carried out leading up to February 2016. The results show that the TMD, specially supplemented with virgin olive oil, produces beneficial changes in the transcriptomic response of relevant genes in cardiovascular risk such as CAT, GPX1 and SIRT2. p65 and MCP-1, IL1B, IL6, CXCL1, INF-γ, ARHGAP15 and IL7R, which are involved in inflammation; and ABCA1, SR-B1, PPARBP, PPARα, PPARγ, PPARδ, CD-36 and COX-1, which play an important role in cholesterol efflux. The available data illustrate a transcriptomic effect on atherosclerosis, inflammation and oxidative stress pathways as well as the mentioned genes.

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