Physiochemical characteristics, fatty acid profile and tocopherol composition of the oil from <em>Camellia oleifera</em> Abel cultivated in Henan, China

J. B. Hu; G. L. Yang

doi:10.3989/gya.1224172

Autores/as

J. B. Hu School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5723-0518
G. L. Yang Lipid Chemistry and Engineering, School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-7365

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.1224172

Palabras clave:

Aceite de C. oleifera, Perfil de ácidos grasos, Propiedades fisioquímicas, Tocoferoles

Resumen

Camellia oleifera Abel es una planta leñosa única, proveniente del sur de China que ahora es cultivada también en el centro del país, en la provincia de Henan. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar las propiedades fisicoquímicas, el perfil de ácidos grasos y la composición de tocoferoles de aceites de semillas de Camellia oleífera de semillas recogidas en el sur de esta provincia en la temporada 2016. El contenido de lípidos del grano está en el rango de 28.39-56.94% sobre materia seca. La acidez, índice de saponificación, índice de yodo e índice de refracción se encuentran en los rangos: 0.22-5.17 mg KOH/g, 178.90-196.91 mg KOH/g, 82.0-87.1 g I₂/100g y 1.4667-1.4720 (n_D²⁵) , respectivamente. La composición en ácidos grasos fue: 7.07-9.52% palmítico, 0.09-0.22% palmitoleico, 1.45-2.94% esteárico, 77.02-84.33% oleico, 5.19-11.23% linoleico, 0.53-0.70% linolénico y 0.22-0.70% araquídico. La composición en ácido graso en sn-2: 84,36-91,33% de ácido oleico, 7,14-14,22% de linoleico y 0,89-1,96% de otros. El contenido de tocoferoles está en el rango: 39.55-75.94 mg/100 g, y se componen principalmente de α-tocoferol (33,98-67,82 mg/100 g) y γ-tocoferol (5,57-8,27 mg/100 g) cuando los aceites se extraen con hexano y 14,91-44,36 mg/100 g, formados por α-tocoferol (9,42-37,08 mg/100 g) y γ-tocoferol (5,50-7,33 mg/100 g) en aceites extraídos con éter etílico. Las propiedades fisicoquímicas de los aceites de semillas de C. oleifera del sur de Henan son similares a los de otros distritos de China.

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