Extraction of oil, carotenes and tocochromanols from oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fruit with subcritical propane

H.  Phan-Tai; G.  Brunner

doi:10.3989/gya.0896211

Autores/as

H. Phan-Tai Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nong Lam University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7975
G. Brunner Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6420-5601

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0896211

Palabras clave:

Aceite de palma, Carotenoides, Extracción subcrítica con propano, Tococromanoles

Resumen

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo evaluar la extracción de aceite y compuestos bioactivos, incluidos los carotenos y tococromanoles, del fruto de la palma aceitera mediante propano subcrítico sin usar codisolventes. Se estudiaron las curvas generales de extracción de aceite de palma con propano subcrítico y se compararon con las extraídas con dióxido de carbono supercrítico. Se evaluaron carotenos y tococromanoles no solo en el aceite extraído, sino también en el aceite de fibra residual para calcular la eficiencia de recuperación de estos valiosos compuestos. Los resultados experimentales mostraron que se podía obtener un rendimiento de aceite de hasta el 70 % en 120 minutos con propano subcrítico a 50 bares y un caudal de 35 kg·h⁻¹·kg⁻¹. También se demostró que el propano comprimido es un excelente solvente para la extracción de aceite enriquecido en carotenos y tococromanoles. La extracción con propano subcrítico se puede utilizar como un proceso alternativo para la recuperación simultánea de estos valiosos componentes menores del fruto de la palma.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Abu-Fayyad A, Nazzal S. 2017. Extraction of Vitamin E Isomers from Palm Oil: Methodology, Characterization, and in Vitro Anti-Tumor Activity. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 94, 1209-1217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-017-3025-8 PMid:33518766 PMCid:PMC7842678

Birtigh A, Johannsen M, Brunner G, Nair N. 1995. Supercritical-fluid extraction of oil-palm components. J. Supercrit. Fluids 8, 46-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/0896-8446(95)90049-7

Brunner G. 1994. Gas Extraction - An Introduction to Fundamentals of Supercritical Fluids and the Application to Separation Processes Steinkopff, Darmstadt, Springer, New York.

Chuang M-H, Brunner G. 2006. Concentration of minor components in crude palm oil. J. Supercrit. Fluids 37, 151-156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2005.09.004

Coelho R, Kanda LRS, Hamerski F, Masson ML, Corazza ML. 2016. Extraction of Kiwifruit Seed (Actinidia Deliciosa) Oil Using Compressed Propane. J. Food Process Eng. 39, 335-344. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12225

Cuco RP, Massa TB, Postaue N, Cardozo-Filho L, da Silva C, Iwassa IJ. 2019. Oil extraction from structured bed of pumpkin seeds and peel using compressed propane as solvent. J. Supercri. Fluids 152, 104568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104568

da Silva CM, Zanqui AB, da Silva EA, Gomes STM, Filho LC, Matsushita M. 2018. Extraction of oil from Elaeis spp. using subcritical propane and cosolvent: Experimental and modeling. J. Supercrit. Fluids 133, 401-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2017.11.006

Doye R. Abigor FIO, Andy R. Opoku, Anthony U. Osagie. 1985. Partial purification and some properties of the lipase present in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) mesocarp. J. Sci. Food Agric. 36, 599-606. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740360711

Fetzer DL, Cruz PN, Hamerski F, Corazza ML. 2018. Extraction of baru (Dipteryx alata vogel) seed oil using compressed solvents technology. J. Supercrit. Fluids 137, 23-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2018.03.004

Ghazali NF, Md Hanim K, Pahlawi QA, Lim KM. 2022. Enrichment of carotene from palm oil by organic solvent nanofiltration. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 99, 189-202. https://doi.org/10.1002/aocs.12563

Hoe BC, Chan E-S, Nagasundara Ramanan R, Ooi CW. 2020. Recent development and challenges in extraction of phytonutrients from palm oil. Comprehensive Rev.s Food Sci. Food Safety 19, 4031-4061. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12648 PMid:33337051

Iftikhar, Tan H, Zhao Y. 2017. Enrichment of β-carotene from palm oil using supercritical carbon dioxide pretreatment-solvent extraction technique. LWT - Food Sci. Technol. 83, 262-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2017.05.026

Jesus AA, Almeida LC, Silva EA, Filho LC, Egues SMS, Franceschi E, Fortuny M, Santos AF, Araujo J, Sousa EMBD, Dariva C. 2013. Extraction of palm oil using propane, ethanol and its mixtures as compressed solvent. J. Supercrit. Fluids 81, 245-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2013.06.011

Kim KH, Hong J. 2001. Supercritical CO2 pretreatment of lignocellulose enhances enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis. Biores. Technol. 77, 139-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(00)00147-4 PMid:11272020

Lau HLN, Choo YM, Ma AN, Chuah CH. 2006. Characterization and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of palm oil (Elaeis Guineensis). J. Food Lipids 13, 210-221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4522.2006.00046.x

Pessoa AS, Podestá R, Block JM, Franceschi E, Dariva C, Lanza M. 2015. Extraction of pequi (Caryocar coriaceum) pulp oil using subcritical propane: Determination of process yield and fatty acid profile. J. Supercrit. Fluids 101, 95-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2015.03.006

Phan Tai H, Brunner G. 2019. Extraction of Oil and Minor Compounds from Oil Palm Fruit with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Processes 7, 107. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7020107

Phoon KY, Ng HS, Zakaria R, Yim HS, Mokhtar MN. 2018. Enrichment of minor components from crude palm oil and palm-pressed mesocarp fibre oil via sequential adsorption-desorption strategy. Indust. Crops Prod. 113, 187-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.01.039

Piva GS, Weschenfelder TA, Franceschi E, Cansian RL, Paroul N, Steffens C. 2018. Extraction and modeling of flaxseed (Linnum usitatissimum) oil using subcritical propane. J. Food Eng. 228, 50-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.02.012

Putrino FM, Tedesco M, Bodini RB, Oliveira ALd. 2020. Study of supercritical carbon dioxide pretreatment processes on green coconut fiber to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Biores. Technol. 309, 123387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123387 PMid:32320923

Shi Y, Ma Y, Zhang R, Ma H, Liu B. 2015. Preparation and characterization of foxtail millet bran oil using subcritical propane and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction. J. Food Sci. Technol. 52, 3099-3104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1311-0 PMid:25892815 PMCid:PMC4397323

Silva C, Zanqui A, Gohara A, Souza A, Filho L, Visentainer J, Chiavelli L, Bittencourt P, da Silva E, Matsushita M. 2015. Compressed n-propane extraction of lipids and bioactive compounds from Perilla (Perilla frutescens). J. Supercrit. Fluids 102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2015.03.016

Strobel M, Tinz J, Biesalski H-K. 2007. The importance of β-carotene as a source of vitamin A with special regard to pregnant and breastfeeding women. Eur. J. Nutr. 46, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-007-1001-z PMid:17665093

Tan C-P, Nehdi IA. 2012. 13 - The Physicochemical Properties of Palm Oil and Its Components, in: O.-M. Lai et al. (Eds.), Palm Oil, AOCS Press: Urbana, Illinois, USA. pp. 377-391. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-9818936-9-3.50016-2

Trentini CP, Santos KA, Antonio da Silva E, Garcia VAdS, Cardozo-Filho L, da Silva C. 2017. Oil extraction from macauba pulp using compressed propane. The J. Supercrit. Fluids 126, 72-78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2017.02.018

Turola Barbi RC, de Souza ARC, Hamerski F, Lopes Teixeira G, Corazza ML, Hoffmann Ribani R. 2019. Subcritical propane extraction of high-quality inajá (Maximiliana maripa) pulp oil. J. Supercrit. Fluids 153, 104576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2019.104576

Zanqui AB, da Silva CM, de Morais DR, Santos JM, Ribeiro SAO, Eberlin MN, Cardozo-Filho L, Visentainer JV, Gomes STM, Matsushita M. 2016. Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) oil composition varies with changes in temperature and pressure in subcritical extraction with n-propane. Ind. Crops Prod. 87, 64-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.04.029