Comparative chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of essential oil and oleoresin from Eucalyptus globulus Labill. leaves

M.  Barriga-Sánchez; E.  Arpi; P.M.  Cueva-Martínez; E.A.  Medina-Cáceres; M.A. Varas Condori

doi:10.3989/gya.0321251.2302

Autores/as

M. Barriga-Sánchez Instituto Tecnológico de la Producción, Citepesquero, acuícola y agroindustrial Callao, Bioactive Compounds Laboratory https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8146-0575
E. Arpi Instituto Tecnológico de la Producción, Citepesquero, acuícola y agroindustrial Callao, Bioactive Compounds Laboratory https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-3892
P.M. Cueva-Martínez Instituto Tecnológico de la Producción, Citepesquero, acuícola y agroindustrial Callao, Physicochemical Laboratory https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-9611
E.A. Medina-Cáceres Instituto Tecnológico de la Producción, Citepesquero, acuícola y agroindustrial Callao, Physicochemical Laboratory https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5075-0534
M.A. Varas Condori Instituto Tecnológico de la Producción, Citepesquero, acuícola y agroindustrial Callao, Physicochemical Laboratory https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7034-9214

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0321251.2302

Palabras clave:

Capacidad antioxidante, CO2 supercrítico, eucalipto, hidrodestilación, terpenos

Resumen

Eucalyptus globulus es un árbol cultivado en Perú por su madera, y sus hojas suelen ser descartadas. Este estudio comparó el rendimiento de extracción, la composición química y capacidad antioxidante del aceite esencial y la oleorresina obtenidos de las hojas. El aceite esencial se extrajo por hidrodestilación (1.62 %), y las oleorresinas mediante CO₂ supercrítico, con y sin etanol (hasta 8.96 %). El análisis por GC-MS identificó al 1,8-cineol como compuesto principal en el aceite esencial y en la oleorresina extraída con CO₂+etanol. El aceite esencial mostró mayor contenido de monoterpenos (80.33 %) y las oleorresinas, mayor contenido de sesquiterpenos (hasta 63.68 %). Los compuestos fenólicos totales fueron mayores en las oleorresinas (5.05–11.30 mg EAG/g) que en el aceite esencial (0.25 mg EAG/g). La capacidad antioxidante también fue significativamente superior en las oleorresinas. Estos resultados destacan el potencial de la oleorresina de E. globulus como antioxidante natural para aplicaciones alimentarias y farmacéuticas.

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