Glicerolisis de aceites de oliva mediante lipasa inmovilizada Candida antarctica en sistema libre de solventes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.094811Palabras clave:
Aceite de oliva, Diglicerido, Glicerina, Glicerolisis, Lipasa, Lipasa B Candida Antarctica, MonoglicéridoResumen
En el presente trabajo se ha estudiado la glicerolisis sin disolvente de aceites de oliva para la producción de monoglicéridos (MG) y diglicéridos (DG), con la lipasa inmovilizada Candida antarctica. Los experimentos fueron realizados por lotes, variando distintos parámetros del proceso. Los resultados mostraron que los rendimientos de MG y DG dependen de las condiciones de operación como el tiempo, la temperatura, la relación molar glycerol/aceite, la concentración de la enzima y del contenido en agua del glicerol. El tiempo óptimo de la operación fue de 3h para un rendimiento máximo en peso del 26% de MG, y del 30% de la producción en peso de DG. La velocidad de reacción inicial ha sido estudiada variando los diferentes parámetros del proceso durante 1h. La velocidad de reacción aumenta a la temperatura de 30 °C, con una relación molar 2:1 glicerina/aceite, un contenido de agua en glicerol de 3,5% (w/w) y una carga de enzima de 0.015g. Se presentan datos comparativos de redimientos de MG y DG para diferentes aceites y combinaciones de enzima.
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