Estudios sobre los efectos hipolipidémicos en ratas albinas alimentadas con aceite de coco mezclado con aceite de chufa.

Autores/as

  • A. M. El-Anany Special Food & Nutrition Department, Food Technology Research Institute; Agricultural Research Center
  • R. F. M. Ali Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.011412

Palabras clave:

Ácidos grasos, Chufa, Coco, Hipercolesterolemia, Lípidos en sangre, Mezclas de aceites, Ratas albinas

Resumen


La hiperlipidemia es un factor de riesgo predominante para la aterosclerosis y las enfermedades cardiovasculares asociadas (ECV). Las directrices internacionales emitidas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud recomiendan una reducción de grasas saturadas y colesterol, como medio para prevenir la hipercolesterolemia y las enfermedades cardiovasculares. El principal objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar los efectos de una alimentación conteniendo mezclas de aceites, que consiste en aceite de coco (CNO) con diferentes proporciones de aceite de chufa (TNO), sobre los niveles de lípidos en suero en ratas albinas. Se realizó un análisis GLC para determinar la composición de ácidos grasos de los aceites mezclados. Los aceites se obtuvieron mezclando aceite de chufa con aceite de coco en las relaciones:100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 25:75, 10:90 y 0:100 (volumen:volumen). Cincuenta y seis ratas albinas macho se dividieron aleatoriamente en 7 grupos de 8 ratas cada uno, según el tipo de aceite y se alimentaron durante un período de hasta 10 semanas con las mezclas de aceites. Se determinó el colesterol total (T-Ch), colesterol en lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL-Ch), colesterol en lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL-Ch), triglicéridos (TG) y el índice aterogénico (IA). Los resultados mostraron cambios no significativos en todos los parámetros nutricionales entre el grupo control y las ratas alimentadas con los aceites ensayados. Los resultados también indican que el aceite de coco tiene un 86% de ácidos grasos saturados. TNO por otro lado contiene un 66% de ácido oleico. Por lo tanto, una mezcla de aceite de coco con aceite de chufa reduce la relación de ácidos grasos saturados a insaturados del CNO. Las ratas alimentadas con las mezclas de aceites mostraron niveles significativamente mas bajos de colesterol en suero en comparación con los de CNO. Los niveles de HDL mejoraron ligeramente en las ratas alimentadas con las mezclas de aceites. El colesterol total y colesterol LDL estuvieron controlados cuando las proporciones TNO / CNO variaron entre el 25/75 a 70/30. Esto se reflejó en el índice aterogénico calculado. Cambios similares también se observaron con los niveles de triglicéridos en suero.

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Citas

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Publicado

2012-09-30

Cómo citar

1.
El-Anany AM, Ali RFM. Estudios sobre los efectos hipolipidémicos en ratas albinas alimentadas con aceite de coco mezclado con aceite de chufa. Grasas aceites [Internet]. 30 de septiembre de 2012 [citado 27 de julio de 2024];63(3):303-12. Disponible en: https://grasasyaceites.revistas.csic.es/index.php/grasasyaceites/article/view/1383

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Investigación