Effect of selenium and zinc foliar application to increase the quantitative and qualitative yields of rapeseed at different sowing dates

A.  Goharian; A.H.  Shirani Rad; P.  Moaveni; H.  Mozafari; B.  Sani

doi:10.3989/gya.0783201

Autores/as

A. Goharian Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5191-9082
A.H. Shirani Rad Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3833-8010
P. Moaveni Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2318-1943
H. Mozafari Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-7400
B. Sani Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5182-999X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0783201

Palabras clave:

Aplicación foliar, Composición en ácidos grasos, Siembra retrasada

Resumen

La fecha de siembra es un factor importante para expandir el área cultivada de colza que afecta el rendimiento de la semilla, el contenido de aceite y la composición en ácidos grasos. Los micronutrientes juegan un papel importante en la mejora del crecimiento vegetativo y reproductivo de la planta, especialmente en condiciones de estrés biológico y ambiental. Se realizó un experimento de dos años (2014-2016) para estudiar la respuesta de los genotipos de colza a la aplicación foliar de micronutrientes en diferentes fechas de siembra. Los tratamientos se organizaron como una parcela dividida factorial en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Tres fechas de siembra del 7 (fecha de siembra en el momento oportuno), 17 y 27 (fechas de siembra retrasadas) de octubre y dos niveles de aplicación foliar con agua pura (control), selenio (1,5%), zinc (1,5%) y selenio + zinc (1.5%) fueron factoriales en las parcelas principales y cinco genotipos de SW102, Ahmadi, GKH2624, GK-Gabriella y Okapi fueron aleatorizados en las subparcelas (un total de 30 tratamientos). El rendimiento de semilla, el contenido y rendimiento de aceite, los ácidos grasos oleico y linoleico se redujeron cuando se cultivaron semillas de colza los días 17 y 27 de octubre, mientras que los contenidos de los ácidos grasos palmítico, linolénico y erúcico y glucosinolato aumentaron (p <0,01). El tratamiento con selenio + zinc mejoró el rendimiento de semillas, el contenido de aceite y el rendimiento (p <0,01). La calidad del aceite aumentó debido al mayor contenido de ácidos oleico y linoleico bajo tratamiento con selenio + zinc (p <0.01). Se recomiendan los genotipos GK-Gabriella y GKH2624 sembrados en fechas oportunas (7 de octubre) y tardía (17 y 27 de octubre) y tratados con selenio + zinc, respectivamente, debido al mayor rendimiento de aceite y contenido de los ácidos linoleico y oleico.

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