Efectos metabólicos del aceite de chia en modelos experimentales: una revisión narrativa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0650231.1995Palabras clave:
Ácido graso poliinsaturado, Estrés oxidativo, Omega 3, Salvia hispánicaResumen
Las semillas de chía son un alimento prometedor para la sociedad y la comunidad científica porque contienen ácidos grasos poliinsaturados, como el ácido alfa-linolénico omega-3, antioxidantes y compuestos bioactivos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar los efectos metabólicos del aceite de chía en modelos experimentales descritos en la literatura. Se seleccionaron veintidos estudios preclínicos, en su mayoría con ratas. Los resultados mostraron que todavía no hay consenso sobre qué dosis de aceite es ideal para generar beneficios para la salud, con dosis que oscilan entre 0,1 g/mL y 111,1 g/mL y tiempos de suplementación de 1 a 33 semanas. Los estudios mostraron un mayor contenido de omega-3 en el hígado, un perfil lipídico mejorado, un aumento del HDL-c y una disminución de los niveles de colesterol total. Mejora de la tolerancia a la glucosa y sensibilidad a la insulina, y mejora del estado antioxidante. Se concluye que el aceite de chía ha mostrado efectos metabólicos beneficiosos en organismos en estudios preclínicos, actuando sobre la homeostasis glucémica, perfiles lipídicos y marcadores de estrés oxidativo.
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