Determination of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons in vegetable oils

R. B. Gómez-Coca; R. Cert; M. C. Pérez-Camino; W. Moreda

doi:10.3989/gya.0627152

Autores/as

R. B. Gómez-Coca Department of Characterization and Quality of Lipids, Instituto de la Grasa – CSIC-Campus of Universidad Pablo de Olavide
R. Cert Department of Characterization and Quality of Lipids, Instituto de la Grasa – CSIC-Campus of Universidad Pablo de Olavide
M. C. Pérez-Camino Department of Characterization and Quality of Lipids, Instituto de la Grasa – CSIC-Campus of Universidad Pablo de Olavide
W. Moreda Department of Characterization and Quality of Lipids, Instituto de la Grasa – CSIC-Campus of Universidad Pablo de Olavide

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0627152

Palabras clave:

Aceite mineral, Fraccionamiento mediante sílica argentada, Fuel-oil, Hidrocarburos saturados, Mezcla compleja sin resolver (UCM)

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo es el de dar cuenta del desarrollo de un método sencillo y fiable para la determinación de hidrocarburos saturados (HS) en aceites vegetales. Los HS pueden utilizarse como marcadores de contaminación de aceites y grasas comestibles con fuel-oil y aceites minerales El procedimiento consiste en el aislamiento de la fracción correspondiente por cromatografía en columna de gel de sílice argentada sin activar y posterior análisis mediante GC (on-column)-FID. El método se desarrolló y validó mediante la participación en una prueba de competencia organizada por el Joint Research Centre de la Comisión Europea, además de con un ensayo colaborativo llevado a cabo por laboratorios españoles de acuerdo con la norma ISO 5725. Los resultados mostraron valores de repetibilidad y de reproducibilidad aceptables, así como del índice de Horrat, por lo que dicho protocolo se está utilizando con resultados muy satisfactorios. El límite de detección (LDD) es de 5 mg.kg^–1, y su límite de cuantificación (LDQ) de 15 mg.kg^–1, lo que lo hacen muy adecuado para evaluaciones alrededor del límite de 50 mg.kg^–1 establecido por la Unión Europea (UE). Asimismo es fiable para determinar el contenido de aceite mineral en el intervalo entre 10 y 500 mg.kg^–1. Si bien se han desarrollado otros procedimientos con menor LDD a lo largo de los años, el uso de equipos habituales de laboratorio tales como GC-FID ha hecho que el método propuesto sea el de elección para su aplicación en cualquier laboratorio de forma rutinaria.

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