Comparison between different liquid-liquid and solid phase methods of extraction prior to the identification of the phenolic fraction present in olive oil washing wastewater from the two-phase olive oil extraction system

S. Jiménez-Herrera; J. M. Ochando-Pulido; A. Martínez-Ferez

doi:10.3989/gya.0225171

Autores/as

S. Jiménez-Herrera Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0999-9407
J. M. Ochando-Pulido Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5564-7619
A. Martínez-Ferez Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5750-7900

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0225171

Palabras clave:

Acetato de etilo, Aguas residuales del aceite de oliva, Antioxidantes, Extracción, Hidroxitirosol, Polifenoles

Resumen

Los compuestos fenólicos presentes en las aguas residuales de la industria oleícola (OMW) se caracterizan por una gran actividad antioxidante. Por otra parte, suponen un problema medioambiental debido a que son difíciles de degradar. El objetivo de este trabajo fue la identificación de estos compuestos biológicamente activos que se encuentran en las OMW generadas del proceso de obtención del aceite de oliva por el sistema de dos fases, para así convertir un residuo contaminante en una fuente de antioxidantes naturales. Tras optimizar el proceso de extracción de los compuestos fenólicos utilizando extracción líquido-líquido (LLE) y extracción en fase sólida (SPE), se obtuvo que la secuencia más apropiada comprendió una centrifugación previa para eliminar la fracción lipídica, seguida de una extracción líquida con acetato de etilo o una SPE. Los compuestos más importantes identificados en las aguas residuales del lavado del aceite de oliva (OOWW) fueron tirosol, hidroxitirosol y el ácido succínico, mientras que los de las aguas residuales derivadas del lavado de las aceitunas (OWW) fueron cresol, catecol, 4-metilcatecol, ácido hidrocinámico y ácido p-hidroxi-hidrocinámico.

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