Antioxidant and anticancer efficacy of therapeutic bioactive compounds from fermented olive waste

A. E. Mahmoud; S. A. Fathy; M. M. Ali; M. K. Ezz; A. T. Mohammed

doi:10.3989/gya.0230181

Autores/as

A. E. Mahmoud Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-4824
S. A. Fathy Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7543-7205
M. M. Ali Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4931-4153
M. K. Ezz Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6805-1013
A. T. Mohammed Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6122-7247

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0230181

Palabras clave:

Anticancerígeno, Antioxidante, Compuestos bioactivos, Fermentación, Orujo de oliva

Resumen

El orujo de oliva considerado como uno de los peores residuos agroindustriales en los países mediterráneos fue ensayado para la producción de compuestos bioactivos mediante fermentación en estado sólido de Kluyveromyces marxianus. Se extrajeron los compuestos fenólicos de orujos fermentados y no fermentados ambos con potentes actividades biológicas y se evaluaron sus actividades antioxidantes y anticancerígenas. Se optimizaron las condiciones para la recuperación fenólica óptima con actividad antioxidante máxima, estas se lograron usando metanol como disolvente de extracción con una relación de muestra a disolvente de 1:10 a 50 °C durante 2 horas. La actividad anticancerígena in vitro de ambos extractos se evaluó frente a diferentes líneas celulares de cáncer humano. Los resultados revelaron que ambos extractos ejercen un efecto anticancerígeno cercano al valor del fármaco doxorrubicina contra líneas celulares hepáticas HepG2 y MCF-7 de mama, y actividad moderada contra líneas celulares de PC3 de próstata y HCT116 de colon, sin embargo, el extracto fermentado fue más potente que el no fermentado. No se observó ningún efecto contra las líneas celulares A549 de cáncer el pulmón, de cuello de útero o células HFB4 normales, para ambos extractos. El análisis GC/MS se llevó a cabo para determinar los compuestos responsables de las actividades antioxidantes y anticancerígenas. Los resultados mostraron la presencia de palmitato de metilo, oleato de metilo y oleato de etilo en el extracto metanólico de orujo de oliva no fermentado, mientras que el fermentado mostró la producción de carvacrol, timol, eugenol, óxido de cariofileno e isopalmitato de metilo.

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