Optimización de la extracción mediante dióxido de carbono supercrítico (CO2) de aceites de sardinas (Sardinella lemuru Bleeker) usando la metodología de superficie de respuesta (RSM)

Autores/as

  • M. A. Gedi Faculty of Agriculture, Somali National University - Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia
  • J. Bakar Laboratory of Halal Science, Institute of Halal Products Research, Universiti Putra Malaysia
  • A. A. Mariod Faculty of Sciences and Arts, University of Jeddah - 5Food Science & Technology Department, College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science & Technology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0824142

Palabras clave:

Aceite de pescado, Ácido docosahexaenoico, Ácido eicosapentaenoico, Composición de ácidos grasos, Extracción con dióxido de carbono supercrítico, Metodología de superficie de respuesta

Resumen


El aceite se extrae de filetes de sardinas (Sardinella lemur) liofilizando, mediante dióxido de carbono supercrítico (SC-CO2) y unos mililitros de etanol, optimizándose mediante la metodología de superficie de respuesta (RSM). Se ha estudiado la influencia de la presión de extracción (200–400 bars) y la temperatura (40–70 °C) sobre los rendimientos de extracción total, y sobre las relaciones de ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA) y ácido docosahexaenoico (DHA). Los resultados se compararon con los obtenidos mediante extracción con Soxhlet y el método de Kinsella modificado (MKM). Los aceites obtenidos mediante SC-CO2 y métodos MKM fueron significativamente (P < 0.05) superiores en rendimientos de aceite (8,04% y 6,83%), EPA (5,43% y 5,45%) y DHA (18,76% y 18,54%), respectivamente, en comparación con rendimientos mediante Soxhlet (5,10%), EPA (2,17%) y DHA (06,46%). De las dos variables independientes, la presión tuvo un efecto crítico sobre el rendimiento, mientras que los porcentajes de EPA y DHA estuvieron notablemente influenciados por la temperatura. Los valores óptimos fueron para una presión de 328 bar y una temperatura de 40 °C, y sus correspondientes respuestas fueron 7,20%, 5,68% y 20,09% para el rendimiento, EPA y DHA, respectivamente. Los valores experimentales de este estudio fueron los previstos y son comparables razonablemente con sus homólogos.

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Publicado

2015-06-30

Cómo citar

1.
Gedi MA, Bakar J, Mariod AA. Optimización de la extracción mediante dióxido de carbono supercrítico (CO2) de aceites de sardinas (Sardinella lemuru Bleeker) usando la metodología de superficie de respuesta (RSM). Grasas aceites [Internet]. 30 de junio de 2015 [citado 23 de febrero de 2025];66(2):e074. Disponible en: https://grasasyaceites.revistas.csic.es/index.php/grasasyaceites/article/view/1539

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Sección

Investigación