Sex and seasonal variation in proximate composition and fatty acid profile of </em>Scomber scombrus</em> (L. 1758) fillets from the Middle East Coast of Tunisia

S. El Oudiani; I. Chetoui; C. Darej; N. Moujahed

doi:10.3989/gya.0235181

Autores/as

S. El Oudiani National Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Tunisia, University of Carthage https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2762-3967
I. Chetoui University of Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Biology Department, Research Unit of physiology and aquatic environment https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-5397
C. Darej National Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Tunisia, University of Carthage https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8147-7630
N. Moujahed National Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Tunisia, University of Carthage https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0437-1696

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0235181

Palabras clave:

Ácidos grasos, Calidad nutricional, Composición próxima, Estaciones, Scomber scombrus, Sexo

Resumen

Este estudio investiga el impacto de las variaciones estacionales y sexuales sobre el contenido total de lípidos y la composición de ácidos grasos de filetes de caballa, Scomber scombrus, de la Costa Este Tunecina, con objeto de determinar los períodos más favorables para su consumo y para ver si la calidad nutricional de la carne depende del sexo del animal. Los efectos de la temporada de pesca indujeron cambios significativos en el perfil de lípidos, así, los valores más altos de lípidos totales se obtuvieron en primavera para las hembras, 13,2% y para los machos, 18,9%. Los valores más altos de proteína se obtuvieron en verano para las hembras, 22,0% y para los machos 21,8%. Las variaciones en el contenido de proteínas no fueron significativas (p <0.05). La relación n-3/n-6 mostró un nivel significativo que indica una tendencia a la acumulación de ácidos grasos n-3 en filetes de caballa representados principalmente por DHA, cuyos valores fueron altos durante el período de estudio para ambos sexos, excepto en el otoño donde el DHA disminuyó significativamente (p <0.05), alcanzando el 23,2% y el 34,0% para machos y hembras respectivamente; período de maduración de las gónadas de la caballa. Se concluye que Scomber scombrus posee un alto contenido de proteínas, lípidos y ácidos grasos, principalmente AGPI n-3. La variación de sexo sobre el contenido de DHA no fue significativa (p <0.05). Se calcularon el índice de aterogenicidad (AI) y el índice de trombogenicidad (TI). En este estudio, el índice AI estaba comprendido entre 0,3 y 0,6 para los machos y entre 0,4 y 0,5 para las hembras. Los valores del índice TI oscilaron entre 0,6 y 0,8 para machos y fue de aproximadamente 0,6 para las hembras.

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