Characterization of lignocellulosic composition and residual lipids in empty fruit bunches from palm oil processing

M. P.C. Volpi; R. G. Bastos; A. P.R. Badan; M. H.A. Santana; V. S. Santos

doi:10.3989/gya.0818182

Autores/as

M. P.C. Volpi Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-269X
R. G. Bastos Department of Agroindustrial Technology and Rural Socioeconomics, Federal University of São Carlos (Ufscar) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0733-4137
A. P.R. Badan Department of Food Technology, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6532-1265
M. H.A. Santana Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2258-4911
V. S. Santos Department of Engineering of Materials and Bioprocesses, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0912-462X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0818182

Palabras clave:

Aceite de palma, Lípidos, Manojo de frutas vacías, Material lignocelulósico, Residuo agroindustrial

Resumen

Los racimos de fruta vacíos (EFBs, por sus siglas en inglés) son un residuo agroindustrial que se desecha cuando se extraen las frutas frescas de palma para extraer el aceite. Los EFBs abundan en los países productores de aceite de palma, lo que genera problemas ambientales. Además de su contenido lignocelulósicos, EFBs también contiene una cantidad de lípidos residuales del proceso de separación. Debido a que la fruta de la palma tiene dos tipos principales de aceite, los de la pulpa (aceite de palma) o de las semillas (aceite de grano), los lípidos residuales de EFBs pueden tener diferentes composiciones. Por lo tanto, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el contenido lignocelulósico y los lípidos residuales en EFBs de diferentes productores de aceite de palma. Los EFBs se clasificaron como Tipo 1 y Tipo 2 según su fuente. Los resultados mostraron que el EFBs tipo 1 tenía una mayor composición lignocelulósica y de ácidos grasos similar a los aceites de palma y de grano, mientras que el EFBs tipo 2 tenía un contenido lignocelulósico inferior y una composición de ácidos grasos similar al aceite de palma.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

AACCI. American Association of Cereal Chemists International. 2010. Approved methods, St. Paul., 11th ed.

Alves SAO, Lemos OF, Santos Filho BG, Silva ALL. 2011. In vitro embryo rescue of interspecific hybrids of oil palm (Elaeis oleifera x Elaeis guineensis). J. Biotechnol. Biodivers. 2, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v2n2.alves

Anton and Bailey. 2005. Bailey's Industrial Oil and Fat Products. 6th ed, vol 2. Edible Oil and Fat Products. ISBN: 978-0-471-38551-6A.

AOAC. Official Methods of analysis of AOAC International. 2016. 20th ed.

AOCS. Official Methods and Recommended Practices of the American Oil Chemist's Society. 2009. 6th ed. Campaing.

Block JM, Barrera-Arellano D. 2013. Introduction ala química de lípidos, in Block, JM, Barrera-Arellano, D (Ed.) Temas selectos em aceytes y grasas, 2nd ed, vol 3. Blucher, Inc., pp. 1-37.

Bocchi B. 2008. PhD thesis. Estudo de viabilidade de cogeração de uma unidade de extração de óleo de palma integrada a uma usina de biodiesel. Universidade de São Paulo.

Cardenas-Toro FP, Alcázar-Alay SC, Coutinho JP, Godoy HT, Forster-Carneiro T, Meireles MAA. 2015. Pressurized liquid extraction and low-pressure solvent extraction of carotenoids from pressed palm fiber: Experimental and economical evaluation. Food Bioprod. Proces. 94, 90-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2015.01.006

Chang SH. 2014. An overview of empty fruit bunch from oil palm as feedstock for bio oil production. Biomass Bioener. 62, 174-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.01.002

Che man YB, Haryati T, Ghazali HM, Asbi BA. 1999. Composition and thermal profile of crude palm oil and its products. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 76, 237-242. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-999-0224-y

Choo YM, Yap SC, Ooi CK, Ma AN, Goh SH, Ong ASH. 1996. Recovered oil from palm-pressed fiber: A good source of natural carotenoids, vitamin E and sterols. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 73, 599-602. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02518114

Debier C. 2007. Vitamin E During Pre- and Postnatal Periods. Vitamin E, 76, 357-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0083-6729(07)76013-2

Ferrer A, Filpponen I, Rodríguez A, Laine J, Rojas OJ. 2012. Valorization of residual Empty Palm Fruit Bunch Fibers (EPFBF) by microfluidization: Production of nanofibrillated cellulose and EPFBF nanopaper. Bioresour. Technol. 125, 249-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.108 PMid:23026341

Gee PT. 2007. Analytical characteristics of crude and refined palm oil and fractions. Euro. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 109, 373-379. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200600264

Gioielli LA. 1996. PhD thesis. Misturas Binárias e Ternárias de Gorduras Hidrogenadas na Formulação de Margarinas. Universidade de São Paulo.

Hartman L, Lago BCA. 1973. Rapid preparation of fatty acid methyl esters from lipids. Lab. Practice 22, 475-477.

Hurter R, Byrd MV. 2017. Pulping and bleaching of Malaysian oil palm empty fruit bunches. Tappi J. 16, 361-370. https://doi.org/10.32964/TJ16.6.361

IUPAC. 1987. Standard Method 2.432. Standard methods for the analysisof oils, fats and derivatives. Determination of tocopherol and tocotrienols in vegetable oils and fats by HPLC. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, GB.

Lau HLN, Choo YM, Ma AN, Chuah CH. 2008. Selective extraction of palm carotene and vitamin E from fresh palm-pressed mesocarp fiber (Elaeis guineensis) using supercritical CO2. J. Food Eng. 84, 289-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.05.018

Moreda W, Pérez-Camino MC, Cert A. 2003. Improved method for the determination of triacylglycerols in olive oils by high performance liquid chromatography. Grasas Aceites 54, 175-179. https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.2003.v54.i2.262

Motta FL, Santana MHA. 2014. Comparison of humic acids production by Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma reesei using the submerged fermentation of oil palm empty fruit bunch. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 13, 1067-1074. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJB2013.13414

Nazir MS, Wahjoedi BA,Yussof AW, Abdullah MA. 2013. Eco-friendly extraction and characterization of cellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunches. Bioresource 8, 2161-2172. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.8.2.2161-2172

Porim Test Method. 1995. Kuala Lumpur: Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia.

Pujiasih S, Kurnia Masykur A, Kusumaningsih T, Saputra OA. 2018. Silylation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose isolated from Indonesian native oil palm empty fruit bunch. Carbohyd. Polymers 184, 74-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.060 PMid:29352945

Rosazley R, Shazana MZ, Izzati MA, Fareezal AW, Rushdan I, Ainun ZMA. 2016. Characterization of Nanofibrillated Cellulose Produced from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibers (OPEFB) Using Ultrasound. Charact. Nanofibrillated Cellulose Prod. 6, 28-35.

Rukmini C. 1994. Red palm oil to combat vitamin A deficiency in developing countries. Food Nutrit. Bull. 15, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1177/156482659401500211

Santos VS. 2014. PhD thesis. Estruturação de óleo de palma e emulsões utilizando óleo de palma totalmente hidrogenado e lecitina de soja. Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas.

Silva MLC, Costa RS, Santana AS, Koblitz MGB. 2010. Compostos fenólicos, carotenóides e atividade antioxidante em produtos vegetais. Ciências Agrárias 31, 669-682. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2010v31n3p669

Wong ML, Timms RE, Goh EM. 1998. Colorimetric determination of total tocopherols in palm oil, olein and stearin. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 65, 258-261. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02636412

Yeoh CY, Chin NL, Tan CS. 2011. Co-composting of palm oil mill wastes. J. Food Agric. and Envir. 9, 880-885.