Application of coconut fiber and shell in the bleaching of soybean oil

S.  Tavakoli Ghahjaverestani; M. Gharachorloo; M. Ghavami

doi:10.3989/gya.0781211

Autores/as

S. Tavakoli Ghahjaverestani Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8904-1399
M. Gharachorloo Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7062-026X
M. Ghavami Department of Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-6776

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0781211

Palabras clave:

Aceite de soja, Adsorbentes, Coco, Decoloración, Residuos agrícolas

Resumen

El proceso de decoloración es una etapa importante en la operación de refinación de aceites comestibles que se lleva a cabo utilizando tierras decolorantes activadas con ácido. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficiencia de las cenizas de fibra de coco, cenizas de cáscara, cenizas de fibra activada por ácido y cenizas de cáscara activada con ácido, en comparación con la tierra decolorante comercial, en la decoloración de aceite de soja neutralizado. Los materiales de decoloración se añadieron al aceite neutralizado a una concentración del 1 % (p/v) con agitación a vacío a 110 °C durante 30 minutos. Se determinaron los valores de colores rojo y amarillo, carotenoides, clorofilas, índice de peróxido, índice de p-anisidina, contenido de ácidos grasos libres, niveles de cobre y hierro de las muestras decoloradas. Los resultados indicaron que todos los adsorbentes a base de coco han sido significativamente más efectivos que la tierra decolorante comercial para reducir el color y la mayor reducción en los contenidos de carotenoide (84,25 %) y clorofila (82,30 %) se obtuvo mediante el uso de ceniza de fibra activada con ácido. El índice de peróxido en todos los tratamientos disminuyó. Las cantidades de hierro y cobre como compuestos peroxidantes disminuyeron considerablemente (44,59% y 23,53%) al usar ceniza de fibra activada por ácido y ceniza de cáscara activada por ácido, respectivamente. Por lo tanto, la fibra y la cáscara de coco como desechos agrícolas que se han ignorado en el pasado podrían emplearse como agentes efectivos para decolorar los aceites crudos, particularmente el aceite de soja en las operaciones de refinación.

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Citas

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