Vegetative, productive and oil quality responses of ‘Arbequina’ and ‘Picual’ olive trees to foliar P and K application
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0102191Keywords:
Fatty acids, Fruit characteristics, Olea europaea L., Phenolic compounds, Phosphorus nutrition, Potassium nutritionAbstract
A completed hedgerow of cv. Arbequina and a youth vase trained orchard of cv. Picual were fertilized with foliar applications of Phosphorus (P) or Potassium (K) throughout four seasons. The orchards were located near Valdepeñas in the dry area of La Mancha (Spain). Vegetative growth, yield and oil quality were evaluated. Foliar treatments did not increase P or K leaf concentration. Most of the evaluated parameters were not significantly affected by treatments. It was observed that the P treatment increased olive growth and oil yield in both orchards and in certain seasons due to an increment in fruit number. P and K application significantly increased ‘Arbequina’ olive and oil yield in 2008 when spring was wetter than the other years. Oil quality was not modified by fertilizer treatments in the ‘Arbequina’orchard. However, oxidative stability was negatively affected by P and K treatments in ‘Picual’. Oil extraction could be negatively affected by treatments because of the increase in the water content in the fruit obtained from both orchards.
Downloads
References
Arquero O, Barranco D, Benlloch M. 2006. Potassium starvation increases stomatal conductance in olive trees. Hort. Sci. 41, 433-436. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.41.2.433
Aparicio R, Roda L, Albi MA, Gutiérrez F. 1999. Effect of various compounds on virgin olive oil stability measured by rancimat. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47, 4150-4155. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf9812230 PMid:10552782
Centeno A, García JM, Gómez del Campo M. 2017. Effects of nitrogen fertilization and nitrification inhibitor product on vegetative growth, production and oil quality in 'Arbequina' hedgerow and 'Picual' base-trained orchards. Grasas Aceites 68 (4), e215. https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0441171
Chesworth JM, Stuchbury T, Scaife JR. 1998. An introduction to agricultural biochemistry. Chapman and Hall, New York.
Dag A, Ben-David E, Kerem Z, Ben-Gal A, Erel R, Basheer L, Yermiyahu U. 2009. Olive oil composition as a function of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium plant nutrition. J. Sci. Food Agric. 89, 1871−1878. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.3664
Dag A, Kerem Z, Yogev N, Zipori I, Lavee S, Ben-David E. 2011. Influence of time of harvest and maturity index on olive oil yield and quality. Sci. Hort. 127, 358-366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.11.008
De Liñán C. 2017. Vademecum de productos fitosanitarios y nutricionales. Ediciones agrotécnicas.
Del Rio C, Romero A. 1999. Whole, unmilled olives can be used to determine their oil content by nuclear magnetic resonance. Hort. Technol. 9 (4), 675-680. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH.9.4.675
Erel R, Dag A, Ben-Gal A, Schwartz A, Yermiyahu U. 2008. Flowering and fruit set of olive trees in response to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 133 (5), 639-647. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.133.5.639
Erel R, Yermiyahu U, Yasuor H, Cohen-Chamus D, Schwartz A, Ben-Gal A, Dag A. 2016. Phosphorus nutritional level, carbohydrate reserves and flower quality in olives. PLoS One 11 (12), e0167591. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0167591 PMid:27907133 PMCid:PMC5132239
Fernández V, Sotiropoulos T, Brown P. 2013. Foliar fertilization. Scientific principles and field practices. International Fertilizer Industry Association, Paris.
Fernández V, Guzmán P, Peirce CAE, McBeath TM, Khayet M, McLaughlin MJ. 2014. Effect of wheat phosphorus status on leaf surface properties and permeability to foliar applied phosphorus. Plant Soil 384, 7-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2052-6
Fernández-Escobar R. 2010. Fertilization. In: D. Barranco, R. Fernández-Escobar, L. Rallo (Eds.). Olive growing. RIRDC, Australia, pp. 267-297.
Fernández-Escobar R, Marin L, Sánchez-Zamora MA, García- Novelo JM, Molina-Soria C, Parra MA. 2009. Long-term effects of N fertilization on cropping and growth of olive trees and on N accumulation in soil profile. Eur. J. Agron. 31, 223-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2009.08.001
Fernández-Escobar R, Sánchez-Zamora MA, García-Novelo JM, Molina-Soria C. 2015. Nutrient removal from olive trees by fruit yield and pruning. Hort. Sci. 50 (3), 474-478. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.50.3.474
Ferreira J. 1979. Explotaciones olivareras colaboradoras, n° 5. Ministerio de Agricultura, Madrid.
Flagella Z, Rotunno T, Tarantino E, Di Caterina R, De Caro A. 2002. Changes in seed yield and oil fatty acid composition of high oleic sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids in relation to the sowing date and the water regime. Eur. J. Agron. 17 (3), 221-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1161-0301(02)00012-6
Gutiérrez F. 1989. Determinación de la estabilidad oxidativa de los aceites de oliva vírgenes: Comparación entre el método del oxígeno activo (AOM) y el método Rancimat. Grasas Aceites 40 (1), 1-5.
Gutiérrez F, Jiménez B, Ruiz A, Albi MA. 1999. Effect of olive ripeness on the oxidative stability of virgin olive oil extracted from the varieties Picual and Hojiblanca and on the different components involved. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47, 121−127. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf980684i PMid:10563859
Inglese P, Gullo G, Pace LS. 2002. Fruit growth and olive oil quality in relation to foliar nutrition and time of application. Acta Hort. 586, 507-509. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2002.586.105
IOC (International Olive Council). 2017. Statistical series https://www.internationaloliveoil.org (accessed 17.07.18).
Jiménez-Moreno MJ, Fernández-Escobar R. 2017. Influence of nutritional status of phosphorus on flowering in the olive (Olea euroapea L.). Sci. Hort. 223, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2017.05.028
Martínez JM, Muñoz E, Alba J, Lanzón A. 1975. Informe sobre la utilización del analizador de rendimientos Abencor. Grasas Aceites 26 (6), 379-385.
Mateos R, Espartero JL, Trujillo M, Rios JJ, León-Camacho M, Alcudia F, Cert A. 2001. Determination of phenols, flavones, and lignans in virgin olive oils by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array ultraviolet detection. J. Agric. Food Chem. 49, 2185-2192. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0013205 PMid:11368575
MAPAMA (Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente). 2017. Encuesta sobre superficies y rendimientos de cultivos. https://www.mapa.gob.es/es/estadistica/ temas/estadisticas-agrarias/boletin2017sm_tcm30-455983.pdf
Mengel K, Kirkby EA. 2001. Principles of plant nutrition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. The Netherlands, 849 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-1009-2 PMCid:PMC1907351
Morales-Sillero A, Jiménez R, Fernández JE, Troncoso A, Beltrán G. 2007. Influence of fertigation in 'Manzanilla de Sevilla' olive oil quality. Hort. Sci. 42 (5), 1157−1162. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.42.5.1157
Pastor M, Vega V, Hidalgo JC, Girona J. 2005. Influencia del riego sobre la calidad del aceite y sobre el comportamiento de la aceituna en el proceso industrial de extracción. In: Pastor M (ed). Cultivo del olivo con riego localizado. Mundi-Prensa. Consejería de Agricultura y Pesca, Junta de Andalucía, Madrid.
Restrepo-Díaz H, Benlloch M, Navarro C, Fernández-Escobar R. 2008a. Plant water stress and K+ starvation reduce absorption of foliar applied K+ by olive leaves. Sci. Hortic. 116, 409-413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2008.03.004
Restrepo-Díaz H, Benlloch M, Navarro C, Fernández-Escobar R. 2008b. Potassium fertilization of rainfed olive orchards. Sci. Hortic. 116, 399-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2008.03.001
Restrepo-Díaz H, Benlloch M, Fernández-Escobar R. 2009. Leaf potassium accumulation in olive plants related to nutritional K status, leaf age, and foliar application of potassium salts. J. Plant Nutr. 32, 1108−1121. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160902943148
Rufat J, Villar JM, Pascual M, Falguera V, Arbonés A. 2014. Productive and vegetative response to different irrigation and fertilization strategies of an Arbequina olive orchard grown under super-intensive conditions. Agr. Water Manage. 114, 33-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.05.014
Sargent JA, Blackman GE. 1962. Studies of foliar penetration. 1. Factors controlling entry of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. J. Exp. Bot. 13, 348-368. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/13.3.348
Sbrana C, Vitagliano C. 1990. Le endomicorrize vescicoloarbuscolari nelle specie arboree da frutto. Frutticoltura 3, 61-66.
Therios I. 2009. Mineral nutrition of the olive. In: Olives. Crop Production Science in Horticulture, Series No 18. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK, pp. 179-209. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781845934583.0179
Toplu C, Onder D, Onder S, Yildiz E. 2009. Determination of fruit and oil characteristics of olive (Olea europaea L. cv. 'Gemlik') in different irrigation and fertilization regimes. Afr. J. Agric. Res. 4, 649-658.
Ulger S, Sonmez S, Karkacier M, Ertoy N, Aksu M. 2004. Determination of endogenous hormones, sugars and mineral nutrition levels during the induction, initiation and differentiation stage and their effects on flower formation in olive. Plant Growth Regul. 42 (1), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:GROW.0000014897.22172.7d
Zipori I, Yermiyahu U, Erel R, Presnov E, Faingold I, Ben‑Gal A, Dag A. 2015. The influence of irrigation level on olive tree nutritional status. Irrig. Sci. 33, 277-287. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00271-015-0465-5
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the print and online versions of this journal are the property of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.
All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. You may read the basic information and the legal text of the licence. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 licence must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the final version of the work produced by the publisher, is not allowed.
