Optimization and evaluation of a hydration method for producing high quality oil and defatted meal from hemp seed kernels
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.1128212Keywords:
Green technology, High oil recovery rate, Hydration of non-oil solids, SustainabilityAbstract
A green and efficient method for producing high quality oil and defatted meal is in high demand, which has promoted the development of a hydration method for extracting oils from hem seed kernels. The hydration method optimized in this study recovered > 96% oil, which was further proved by infrared spectra, and extracted > 91% tocopherols, vitamin A, carotenoids, coenzyme Q10, phytosterols and squalene into the oil phase; while only small portions of flavonoids, other phenolic compounds and free fatty acids were extracted. The defatted meal was rich in water-soluble vitamins (including thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine, folate and vitamin C), proteins, dietary carbohydrates and phospholipids. The hydration method produced oils with lower AV or PV compared to solvent extraction, supercritical CO2 and cold-pressing methods and a defatted meal with a protein content (52.69%) which was significantly higher than that obtained by supercritical CO2 and cold-pressing methods. The hydration method is a type of green technology for sustainablly processing hempseeds.
Downloads
References
Aladić K, Jokic S, Moslavac T, Tomas S, Vidović S, Vladić J, Subarić D. 2014. Cold pressing and supercritical CO2 extraction of hemp (Cannabis sativa) seed oil. Chem. Biochem. Engin. Quart. 28 (4), 481-490. https://doi.org/10.15255/CABEQ.2013.1895
Chinese National Standard methods. Jointly published by General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China and Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.
Crimaldi M, Faugno S, Sannino M, Ardito L. 2017. Optimization of hemp seeds (Canapa Sativa L.) oil mechanical extraction. Chem. Engin. Transact. 58, 373-378.
DeFrates KG, Moore R, Borgesi J, Lin G, Mulderig T, Beachley V, Hu X. 2018. Protein-based fiber materials in medicine: A review. Nanomat. 8, 457. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8070457 PMid:29932123 PMCid:PMC6071022
Escorsim AM, Da Rocha G, Vargas JVC, Mariano AB, Ramos LP, Corazza ML, Cordeiro CS. 2018. Extraction of Acutodesmus obliquus lipids using a mixture of ethanol and hexane as solvent. Biom. Bioen. 108, 470-478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2017.10.035
Farooq M, Ramli A, Naeem A, Noman M, Shah LA, Khattak NS, Perveen F. 2019. A green route for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil over base heterogeneous catalyst. Intern. J. En. Res. 43, 5438- 5446. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.4646
Fu S, Wu W. 2019. Optimization of conditions for producing high quality oil and deoiled meal from almond seeds by water. J. Food Proc. Preserv. 43 (8), e14050. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.14050
Fu J, Wu W. 2022. An advanced aqueous method of recovering Pumpkin seed kernel oils and de-oiled meal: Optimization and comparison with other methods. Grasas Aceites 73 (2), e459. https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0106211
Han Y, Zheng Y, Li S, Mo R, Long X, Liu Y. 2019. Effects of drying process with different temperature on the nutritional qualities of walnut (Juglans regia L.). Food Sci. Technol. Res. 25, 167-177. https://doi.org/10.3136/fstr.25.167
Hou Z, Wu X. 2014. Aqueous enzymatic extraction of hemp seed oil. Sci. Technol. Food Ind. 35 (03), 195-198.
House JD, Naufeld J, Leson G. 2010. Evaluating the quality of protein from hemp seed (Cannabis sativa L.) products through the use of the protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score method. J. Agric. Food Chem. 58, 11801-11807. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf102636b PMid:20977230
International Olive Council. 2017. IOC/T.20/Doc. No. 28/Rev. 2/2017. Method of analysis determination of the content of waxes, fatty acid methyl esters and fatty acid ethyl esters by capillary gas chromatography.
Karpinska J, Mularczyk B. 2004. The analysis of the zero-order and the second derivative spectra of retinol acetate, tocopherol acetate and coenzyme Q(10) and estimation of their analytical usefulness for their simultaneous determination in synthetic mixtures and pharmaceuticals. Spectroch. Acta Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectr. 60, 2189-2194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2003.11.018 PMid:15249004
LS/T6120-2017. 2017. Inspection of grain and oils-Determination of squalene in vegetable oil-Gas chromatography, published by State Administration of Grain, PRC.
Lv M, Wu W. 2019a. Development of a new aqueous procedure for efficiently extracting high quality Camellia oleifera oil. Ind. Crop. Prod. 138, 111583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111583
Lv M, Wu W. 2019b. An advanced aqueous method of extracting rapeseed oil with high quality. J. Food Process Engin. 42, e12957. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12957
Lv M, Wu W. 2020. Optimization of an improved aqueous method for production of high quality white sesame oil and de-oiled meal. Grasas Aceites 71 (2), e349. https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0231191
Lv M, Wu W. 2021. Simultaneous recovery of high quality black sesame oil and defatted meal by a new aqueous method: Optimization and comparison with other methods. J. Oleo Sci. 70 (9), 1211-1223. https://doi.org/10.5650/jos.ess21067 PMid:34373404
Ma Y, Shi L, Liu Y, Lu Q. 2017. Effects of neutralization, decoloration, and deodorization on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during laboratory-scale oil refining process. J. Chem. 2017, Article ID 7824761, 9 pag. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/7824761
OECD/FAO. 2020. OECD-FAO Agricultural outlook 2020-2029. FAO, Rome/OECD Publishing, Paris.
Pal N, Samanta K, Mandal A. 2019. A novel family of non-ionic gemini surfactants derived from sunflower oil: Synthesis, characterization and physicochemical evaluation. J. Mol. Liqu. 275, 638-653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2018.11.111
Pellegrini M, Marchei E, Pacifici R, Pichini S. 2005. A rapid and simple procedure for the determination of cannabinoids in hemp food products by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J. Pharm. Biom. An. 36, 939-946. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2004.07.035 PMid:15620517
Petrović M, Debeljak Ž, Kezić N, Džidara P. 2015. Relationship between cannaninoids content and composition of fatty acids in hempseed oils. Food Chem. 170, 218-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.08.039 PMid:25306338
Simsikova M, Sikola T. 2017. Interaction of graphene oxide with proteins and applications of their conjugates. J. Nanom. Res. 5 (2), 00109. https://doi.org/10.15406/jnmr.2017.05.00109
Stenton M, Houghton JA, Kapsali V, Blackburn RS. 2021. The potential for regenerated protein fibres within a circular economy: Lessons from the past can inform sustainable innovation in the textiles industry. Sustain 13, 2328. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13042328
Teh SS, Birch J. 2013. Physicochemical and quality characteristics of cold-pressed hemp, flax and canola seed oils. J. Food Comp. An. 30 (1), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2013.01.004
Tu J, Wu W. 2019. Establishment of an aqueous method of extracting soy oils assisted by adding free oil. Grasas Aceites 70 (3), e313. https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0711182
Tu J, Wu W, Yang J, Li J, Ma X. 2017. A method of producing edible oils with high quality by water. J. Food Proc. Preserv. 41, e13280. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.13280
Wu W, Sun Y. 2011. Dietary safety evaluation of water hyacinth leaf protein concentrate. Hum. Exper. Toxicol. 30, 1514-1520. https://doi.org/10.1177/0960327110392085 PMid:21148597
Yara-Varón E, Li Y, Balcells M, Canela-Garayoa R, Fabiano-Tixier AS, Chemat F. 2017. Vegetable oils as alternative solvents for green oleo-extraction, purification and formulation of food and natural products. Mol (Basel, Switzerland) 22 (9), 1474. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22091474 PMid:28872605 PMCid:PMC6151617
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the print and online versions of this journal are the property of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.
All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. You may read the basic information and the legal text of the licence. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 licence must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the final version of the work produced by the publisher, is not allowed.
