Nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of different walnut varieties (<em>Juglans regia</em> L.) from Nerpio (Spain) in comparison to commercial varieties

I. Viera-Alcaide; A. Hamdi; A. Jiménez-Araujo; R. Rodríguez-Arcos; J. A. Espejo-Calvo; R. Guillén-Bejarano

doi:10.3989/gya.0932182

Authors

I. Viera-Alcaide Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2019-9013
A. Hamdi Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC) - Unité de Physiologie et de Biochimie de la réponse des plantes aux contraintes abiotiques, FST https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-8587
A. Jiménez-Araujo Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2695-4588
R. Rodríguez-Arcos Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0003-4345
J. A. Espejo-Calvo Innofood I+D Soluciones S.L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-9388
R. Guillén-Bejarano Phytochemicals and Food Quality Group, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-3012

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0932182

Keywords:

Antioxidant activity, Fatty acids, Native varieties, Nerpio, Proteins, Walnut

Abstract

In the Nerpio region (Albacete, Spain), endogenous walnut cultivars have been grown since ancient times. None of them has been chemically characterized to valorize them in comparison to commercial varieties. In this work, 47 native (N) and 7 foreign (F) walnut cultivars grown in Nerpio, and 13 commercial (C) samples were studied during three seasons. The average yield, moisture, and protein and oil contents were slightly lower in the N samples than in C. The composition of fatty acid suggested that the N walnuts could be more stable against oxidation due to their higher amount of MUFA and lower amount of PUFA. The biological protein value for the samples was similar but the antioxidant capacity marked important differences among them: N cultivars reached the highest scores, with intermediate F values. Local walnut varieties from Nerpio should be valorized on the basis of their potentially enhanced health benefits, although further studies must be developed on their phytochemicals.

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