Geographic variation in fatty acid composition and food source of the commercial clam (<em>Venerupis decussata</em>, Linnaeus, 1758), from the Tunisian Coast: Trophic links

S. Bejaoui; D. Boussoufa; K. Telahigue; I. Chetoui; F. Ghribi; I. Rabeh; M. El Cafsi

doi:10.3989/gya.0580181

Autores/as

S. Bejaoui Unit of Physiology and Aquatic Environment, Biology Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7946-2763
D. Boussoufa Unit of Physiology and Aquatic Environment, Biology Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4316-1616
K. Telahigue Unit of Physiology and Aquatic Environment, Biology Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8841-9911
I. Chetoui Unit of Physiology and Aquatic Environment, Biology Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2259-5397
F. Ghribi Unit of Physiology and Aquatic Environment, Biology Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9350-7510
I. Rabeh Unit of Physiology and Aquatic Environment, Biology Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0307-473X
M. El Cafsi Unit of Physiology and Aquatic Environment, Biology Department, Faculty of Science of Tunis, University of Tunis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9771-1110

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0580181

Palabras clave:

Aguas tunecinas, Análisis multivariable, Composición de ácidos grasos, Enlaces tróficos, Estuario y lagunas costeras, Venerupis decussata

Resumen

Los lagos y las zonas costeras de Túnez son ricos en hábitats de biodiversidad. Sin embargo, hay poca información disponible sobre la distribución de las fuentes de alimentos para las especies residentes. En este trabajo se utilizó el análisis de ácidos grasos para estudiar la ecología trófica de las comunidades de Venerupis decussata de 10 localizaciones a lo largo de las costas tunecinas. La población más rica en ácidos grasos se encontró en S4 seguida de S5 y S8, mientras que la de S1, S3 y S10 fueron las menos ricas. Los resultados del análisis multivariante confirmaron la posición ecológica de la población estudiada en función de su composición de ácidos grasos. Nuestros resultados dividieron las diez poblaciones estudiadas en tres grupos similares según sus posiciones ecológicas y geográficas en relación con los parámetros ambientales y con los enlaces tróficos y alimentarios. El análisis de los componentes principales reveló que las dietas predominantes eran las diatomeas y los dinoflagelados en todas las estaciones de muestreo. Mientras que, las bacterias y la descarga urbana dominaron la fuente dietética de almejas de S10 y S9. Sin embargo, el zooplancton fue la dieta preferida de V. decussata cosechada de los dos lagos S2 y S3; las algas verdes, el fitoplancton y los detritos estaban ausentes en la fuente dietética de las dos poblaciones anteriores. A pesar de las diferencias espaciales, las almejas del norte y del sur se pueden distinguir fácilmente entre sí, lo que indica la utilidad de este método en el análisis dietético de los diferentes enlaces de la cadena alimentaria. Este estudio demuestra que los factores geográficos, ecológicos y abióticos, así como su interacción mutua deben investigarse adecuadamente en estudios centrados en las cadenas tróficas de los ecosistemas acuáticos.

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